Highlights of costs of war research

Major findings from the "Costs of War" study on the financial and human costs of US wars in Iraq, Afghanistan and Pakistan since 2001 by the Watson Institute for International Studies at Brown University.










FINANCIAL TOLL:

* Congressional war appropriations to Pentagon since 2001: $1.3 trillion

* Additions to Pentagon base budget: $362 billion to $652 billion

* Interest on Pentagon war appropriations: $185 billion

* Veterans' medical claims and disability: $33 billion

* War-related international aid: $74 billion

* Additions to Homeland Security base spending: $401 billion

* Projected obligations for veterans care to 2050: $589 billion to $934 billion

* Social costs to veterans and military families to date: $295 billion to $400 billion

Future spending requests:

* 2012 Pentagon war spending: $118 billion

* 2012 foreign aid: $12 billion

* 2013-2015 projected war spending: $168 billion

* 2016-2020 projected war spending: $155 billion

ESTIMATED TOTAL: $3.7 trillion to $4.4 trillion

ADDITIONAL interest payments to 2020: $1 trillion

CONSERVATIVE DEATH TOLL ESTIMATES BY WAR ZONE:

Afghanistan: 33,877

Iraq: 151,471

Pakistan: 39,127

CONSERVATIVE DEATH TOLL ESTIMATES BY CATEGORY:

US military: 6,051

US contractors: 2,300

Iraqi security forces: 9,922

Afghan security forces: 8,756

Pakistani security forces: 3,520

Other allied troops: 1,192

Afghan civilians: 11,700

Iraqi civilians: 125,000

Pakistani civilians and insurgents: 35,600

Afghan insurgents: 10,000

Iraqi army during US invasion: 10,000

Journalists and media workers: 168

Humanitarian workers: 266

TOTAL: 224,475

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Football Rumours

• Liverpool have agreed a deal, in principle, to sign Roma's Brazilian goalkeeper Doni, 31.
  
• It will cost Real Madrid or Barcelona a £100m transfer fee and £250,000-a-week in wages to prise striker Carlos Tevez, 27, away from Manchester City.
  
• Manchester United have told Real Madrid manager Jose Mourinho no amount of money could persuade them to part company with 23-year-old striker Javier Hernandez.
  
• Inter Milan are in pole position to sign Brazilian midfielder Kaka, 29, from Real Madrid, although Chelsea remain interested.
  
• Italy's World Cup-winning defender Marco Materazzi, 37, could be set for a one-season swansong at QPR before returning to current club Inter Milan as a technical adviser.
  
• Tottenham are preparing to make a move for Real Madrid midfielder Lassana Diarra, 26.
  
• Barcelona are trying to sign Cesc Fabregas, 24, in a cash-plus-player deal that is worth less than when they tried to buy the midfielder from Arsenal in the summer of 2010.
  
• Arsenal and Manchester City are going head to head in an £8m battle for 24-year-old Lille striker Gervinho.
  
• Aston Villa winger Ashley Young, 25, will complete a £16m switch to Manchester United this month but the Midlands club will fight to hang on to Liverpool target Stewart Downing.
  
• Sunderland midfielder Jordan Henderson, 20, is edging closer to a £20m move to Liverpool. The deal could be done before Henderson joins up with his England Under-21 colleagues on Wednesday.
  
• Liverpool are also set to move for Blackburn centre-back Phil Jones, who has a £16m release clause in his contract. Manchester United and Arsenal are also interested in the 19-year-old.
  
• Sunderland are willing to let Henderson go and aim to spend the money on Manchester United's Danny Welbeck, Darron Gibson and Wes Brown.
  
• Everton are keen on signing United striker Welbeck on loan. The 20-year-old spent last season on loan at Sunderland.
  
• The Black Cats are weighing up £10m-rated Tottenham striker Peter Crouch, who turned down a chance to move to Wearside two years ago.
  
• Wolves and QPR are leading the chase to sign West Ham's England defender Matthew Upson, 32.
  
• Stoke are considering a move for Marseille's 23-year-old Burkina Faso midfielder Charles Kabore.
  

OTHER GOSSIP

• Turkey manager Guus Hiddink will return to Chelsea for a second spell as manager - and wants to hijack Manchester United's move for Inter Milan midfielder Wesley Sneijder.
  
• Chelsea owner Roman Abramovich will have to stump up £15m in compensation and wages to secure Hiddink's services for next season.
  
• Former Blues boss Carlo Ancelotti, reportedly a target for Aston Villa, has declared that he intends to take a year off.
  
• Mark Hughes is still a possible candidate to be Aston Villa manager - only days after the club appeared to back away from him following his exit from Fulham.
  
• Former England manager Steve McClaren is also in the picture to succeed Gerard Houllier at Villa Park and could be given a £30m transfer pot.
  
• Fulham want Martin Jol and Chris Hughton to become their new management team. Former Newcastle boss Hughton was assistant to Jol when the Dutchman was manager of Tottenham.
  
• Arsenal must commit to large-scale investment in the summer transfer market before playmaker Samir Nasri will consider signing a new deal.
  
• Tottenham defender William Gallas has claimed Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger was wrong to let him leave the Emirates.

AND FINALLY

• England legend Sir Geoff Hurst fears "England will never win the World Cup again in my lifetime". Hurst, 69, who scored a hat-trick to help England win the 1966 World Cup with a 4-2 victory over West Germany, believes the players no longer see the national side as a priority.
  

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